{"id":857,"date":"2022-04-09T17:54:32","date_gmt":"2022-04-09T14:54:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.uyghurmovement.com\/?p=857"},"modified":"2022-04-09T17:54:32","modified_gmt":"2022-04-09T14:54:32","slug":"settler-colonialism-helps-explain-current-events-in-xinjiang-and-ukraine-and-the-history-of-australia-and-us-too","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.uyghurmovement.com\/?p=857","title":{"rendered":"Settler colonialism helps explain current events in Xinjiang and Ukraine \u2013 and the history of Australia and US,\u00a0too"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<div class=\"content-header grid-sixteen\">\n<header class=\"content-header-container grid-twelve large-grid-eleven\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"content-header-block\">\n<h1 class=\"legacy entry-title instapaper_title\"><strong>Settler colonialism helps explain current events in Xinjiang and Ukraine \u2013 and the history of Australia and US,\u00a0too<\/strong><\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/header>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<div class=\"content-sidebar grid-four large-grid-four grid-last\">\n<section class=\"content-authors\">\n<div class=\"content-authors-group\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/john-rennie-short-154735\" rel=\"author\"><span class=\"fn author-name\">John Rennie Short\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"role\">\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"content-disclosure-statement\">\n<h3 class=\"border\">Disclosure statement<\/h3>\n<p>John Rennie Short does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"content-partners\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"slot\" data-id=\"16\">\n<div class=\"promo\">\n<div class=\"jss1\">\n<div class=\"MuiBoxroot-0-1-2 MuiBoxroot-0-1-3 makeStylesbox-0-1-1\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-twelve large-grid-eleven\">\n<figure class=\"content-lead-image grid-twelve large-grid-eleven\">\n<div class=\"placeholder-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyloaded\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/450748\/original\/file-20220308-23-65clzn.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=926&amp;fit=clip\" alt=\"People with flags march carrying a banner reading over 1 million Uyghurs disappeared in China -- where are our missing family and friends?\" data-id=\"450748\" \/><\/div><figcaption>Demonstration for the rights of the Uyghurs in Berlin, 2020.\u00a0<span class=\"attribution\"><a class=\"source\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Demonstration_for_the_rights_of_the_Uyghurs_in_Berlin_2020-01-19_09.jpg\">Leonhard Lenz, Wikimedia Commons\u00a0<\/a>,\u00a0<a class=\"license\" href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"top\">\n<aside class=\"grid-two content-social-distribution\">\n<div class=\"email\"><\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-ten large-grid-nine grid-last content-body content entry-content instapaper_body inline-promos\">\n<p>Global flashpoints, including the Russian invasion of Ukraine and Chinese actions in Xinjiang, share a common background: a previous history of invasion and occupation.<\/p>\n<p>The northwestern region of Xinjiang, for example, became an autonomous region under\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.routledge.com\/Xinjiang-Chinas-Muslim-Borderland\/Starr\/p\/book\/9780765613189\">Chinese rule in 1955<\/a>. Officially known as the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, this mainly Turkic, Muslim area is viewed by the Chinese as a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1080\/02634937.2018.1534801\">possible threat<\/a>\u00a0to China\u2019s security and territorial integrity.<\/p>\n<p>The government in Beijing\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/24364952\">encouraged mass migration<\/a>\u00a0of Han Chinese into Xinjiang, which fomented resentment among the local Uyghur people. After clashes in 2009 that caused more than 200 deaths and a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2013\/nov\/25\/islamist-china-tiananmen-beijing-attack\">2013 terrorist attack<\/a>\u00a0in Tiananmen Square, the Chinese cracked down with aggressive policing and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/i-researched-uighur-society-in-china-for-8-years-and-watched-how-technology-opened-new-opportunities-then-became-a-trap-119615\">extreme surveillance<\/a>. Hundreds of thousands of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2021\/2\/24\/hrw-china-targets-uighurs-with-more-prosecutions-prison-terms\">Uyghurs have been jailed<\/a>, more than 1 million detained in \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-china-22278037\">reeducation camps<\/a>,\u201d and China has been accused of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/history\/is-china-committing-genocide-against-the-uyghurs-180979490\/\">genocide<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>These tactics of invasion and occupation can also be seen in the way 250,000 Russians moved to Crimea after it was\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/blog\/order-from-chaos\/2020\/03\/17\/crimea-six-years-after-illegal-annexation\/\">annexed in 2014<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"slot clear\" data-id=\"17\"><\/div>\n<p>Academics sometimes refer to these tactics as \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/03086534.2013.768099\">settler colonialism<\/a>.\u201d As a strategy of subjugation, it has many historical precedents and it provides an important lens for understanding geopolitics in various parts of today\u2019s world.<\/p>\n<h2>Two types of empire<\/h2>\n<p>History is studded with empires. Broadly speaking, there are two types.<\/p>\n<p>British rule in India exemplifies an empire of control, where imperialists extract wealth and resources without large-scale emigration from the colonizing country. The importation of the wealth of India, especially its textiles, was an essential requirement of Britain\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/2598220\">Industrial Revolution<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>There are also empires of settlement that occupy colonial territories by moving in large numbers of settlers. Across the world, especially in the lightly settled open grasslands of Australia and the Americas, the original inhabitants were\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/18380743.2013.771761\">displaced and marginalized<\/a>\u00a0as their homeland was taken by treaty, sale, guile and theft.<\/p>\n<p>The process often involved brute force or ethnic cleansing as land was seized and handed over to immigrants. In Australia, the British justified colonization by declaring the continent \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=4Lp_zzaVl7gC&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PA121&amp;dq=+land+rights+Australia&amp;ots=n8SHLeMQ02&amp;sig=enu8gL4dgOqpB5UDyrFKXi_I1to#v=onepage&amp;q=land%20rights%20Australia&amp;f=false\">terra nullius<\/a>\u201d \u2013 that is, empty and uninhabited.<\/p>\n<p>Settler colonies were used to safeguard the edges of empires. A\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/muse.jhu.edu\/article\/705117\">policy used by the Qing dynasty<\/a>\u00a0(1644-1912) that moved ethnic Chinese settlers into recently captured territory is still used today in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/library.oapen.org\/bitstream\/handle\/20.500.12657\/23624\/9789048544905.pdf?sequence=1#page=518\">Tibet<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.manchesterhive.com\/view\/9781526153128\/9781526153128.00007.xml\">Xinjiang<\/a>. Both imperial Russia and the former Soviet Union encouraged citizens to settle border regions, so today at least\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/hcommons.org\/deposits\/item\/hc:44413\/\">20% of the population of Ukraine<\/a>\u00a0is ethnic Russian.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center zoomable\">\n<div class=\"placeholder-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" lazyloaded\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/450757\/original\/file-20220308-25-p0jl7w.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" sizes=\"(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/450757\/original\/file-20220308-25-p0jl7w.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=405&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/450757\/original\/file-20220308-25-p0jl7w.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=405&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/450757\/original\/file-20220308-25-p0jl7w.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=405&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/450757\/original\/file-20220308-25-p0jl7w.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=509&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/450757\/original\/file-20220308-25-p0jl7w.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=509&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/450757\/original\/file-20220308-25-p0jl7w.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=509&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\" alt=\"people dressed in winter coats carry their belongings through the snow, with a destroyed bridge in the background\" data-src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/450757\/original\/file-20220308-25-p0jl7w.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/450757\/original\/file-20220308-25-p0jl7w.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=405&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/450757\/original\/file-20220308-25-p0jl7w.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=405&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/450757\/original\/file-20220308-25-p0jl7w.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=405&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/450757\/original\/file-20220308-25-p0jl7w.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=509&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/450757\/original\/file-20220308-25-p0jl7w.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=509&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/450757\/original\/file-20220308-25-p0jl7w.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=509&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"enlarge_hint\"><\/div><figcaption><span class=\"caption\">Civilians continue to flee from Irpin because of ongoing Russian attacks in Irpin, Ukraine on March 8, 2022.<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"attribution\"><a class=\"source\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gettyimages.com\/detail\/news-photo\/civilians-continue-to-flee-from-irpin-due-to-ongoing-news-photo\/1239025598\">Emin Sansar\/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Settler colonialism<\/h2>\n<p>Many settler empires rose in the 18th and 19th centuries and continued well into the 20th century. In Africa, for example, settler societies were established by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00083968.2018.1429868\">the British in Kenya<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00083968.2018.1429868\">the French in Algeria<\/a>\u00a0and the Dutch in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9781315544816-25\">South Africa<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The colonists who moved in, often in large numbers, were typically white Europeans who took control over the land, lives and economy of Indigenous peoples. There were exceptions, though. In\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=KiglDwAAQBAJ&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PA215&amp;dq=settler+colonialism+Liberia&amp;ots=FC-bOo_rLT&amp;sig=wKbbbTg5R0gNm6u_cMxtqNJMIc8#v=onepage&amp;q=settler%20colonialism%20Liberia&amp;f=false\">Liberia<\/a>, Black Americans settled in the land of Black Africans; in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=4gxmDwAAQBAJ&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PP1&amp;dq=settler+colonialism+israel&amp;ots=9cEJ4hYVFP&amp;sig=REiAPCcCH-XhlnziblfvwjlVgtc#v=onepage&amp;q=settler%20colonialism%20israel&amp;f=false\">Israel<\/a>, mainly Jewish immigrants took over the land of Arab populations; and in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/journals\/gr2p\/13\/1\/article-p9_9.xml\">China<\/a>, the majority Han people moved into non-Han areas.<\/p>\n<p>My research into the interactions between\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=DQvhwDsXDVsC&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PP1&amp;dq=John+Rennie+Short+cartographic+encounters&amp;ots=SP3tSTaJHY&amp;sig=rlsFbXCwPg2ZGIR3pmhCHUuBR9w#v=onepage&amp;q=John%20Rennie%20Short%20cartographic%20encounters&amp;f=false\">Indigenous people and European settlers in North America<\/a>\u00a0and resistance to cultural integration by an\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00045608.2011.583576\">Indigenous art movement in central Australia<\/a>\u00a0has offered me a different way to view history. Looking at the past through a lens of settler colonialism substantially changes how we view histories of many countries, including\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9780429433733\">Australia<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/40388468\">Canada<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-13-0242-8_71-1\">New Zealand<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=6P00EAAAQBAJ&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PP1&amp;dq=settler+colonialism+South+Africa&amp;ots=w7hs3O2qQU&amp;sig=2BOHtgf2j-tWBfNnrL4VxXpYtp8#v=onepage&amp;q=settler%20colonialism%20South%20Africa&amp;f=false\">South Africa<\/a>\u00a0and the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0309132515613166\">U.S<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>Today\u2019s issues, viewed through a colonial lens<\/h2>\n<p>Most settler societies are steeped in a prejudiced history in which racial categories define who has power. One strategy has been to make full citizenship available only to settlers and their offspring. Some of the more extreme examples include racialized rule in South Africa that created brutal apartheid and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0020872819870585\">traumatized generations<\/a>\u00a0of aboriginal Australians.<\/p>\n<p>There is also a long history of child abuse, with Indigenous children taken from their homes to be assimilated into settler society. Emerging evidence of these practices, including those experienced by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2021\/12\/14\/1064081667\/canada-pledges-40-billion-abuses-indigenous-children\">Indigenous children in Canada\u2019s residential schools<\/a>, is helping to rewrite the history books from the Indigenous \u2013 rather than just from the settler \u2013 perspective.<\/p>\n<p>By restricting immigration, some countries \u2013 including Australia, Canada and the U.S., among others \u2013 have tried to maintain their racial or ethnic identities and their power. Many of these\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.beacon.org\/Not-A-Nation-of-Immigrants-P1641.aspx\">policies<\/a>\u00a0were weakened only in recent years.<\/p>\n<p>[<em>More than 150,000 readers get one of The Conversation\u2019s informative newsletters.<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/memberservices.theconversation.com\/newsletters\/?source=inline-150K\">Join the list today<\/a>.]<\/p>\n<p>But in acts of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00045608.2011.583576\">amazing resilience<\/a>, Indigenous societies have resisted cultural assimilation, political marginalization and economic insecurity.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center zoomable\">\n<div class=\"placeholder-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" lazyloaded\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/451460\/original\/file-20220310-19-mx38c1.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" sizes=\"(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/451460\/original\/file-20220310-19-mx38c1.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=422&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/451460\/original\/file-20220310-19-mx38c1.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=422&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/451460\/original\/file-20220310-19-mx38c1.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=422&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/451460\/original\/file-20220310-19-mx38c1.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=530&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/451460\/original\/file-20220310-19-mx38c1.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=530&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/451460\/original\/file-20220310-19-mx38c1.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=530&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\" alt=\"Horse-drawn carriages are scattered across a deep and flat landscape in a black and white photograph.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/451460\/original\/file-20220310-19-mx38c1.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/451460\/original\/file-20220310-19-mx38c1.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=422&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/451460\/original\/file-20220310-19-mx38c1.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=422&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/451460\/original\/file-20220310-19-mx38c1.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=422&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/451460\/original\/file-20220310-19-mx38c1.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=530&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/451460\/original\/file-20220310-19-mx38c1.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=530&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/451460\/original\/file-20220310-19-mx38c1.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=530&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"enlarge_hint\"><\/div><figcaption><span class=\"caption\">Settlers raced into what was then known as \u2018Indian Territory\u2019 as the sound of a gunshot opened the area to white settlement on Sept. 16, 1893. The land rush marked the early beginnings of the state of Oklahoma.<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"attribution\"><a class=\"source\" href=\"https:\/\/newsroom.ap.org\/detail\/OklahomaLandRush\/268e07ac3a86436eaa8c0c49839bc258\/photo?Query=American%20Indians&amp;mediaType=photo&amp;sortBy=arrivaldatetime:asc&amp;dateRange=Anytime&amp;totalCount=7118&amp;currentItemNo=0\">AP Photo\/A.A. Forbes<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Land is a key issue, as Indigenous groups continue to pursue land claims and resist land grabs. From ongoing\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/digitalcommons.macalester.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1076&amp;context=poli_honors\">Mapuche claims<\/a>\u00a0in Chile to aboriginal Australians\u2019\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=4Lp_zzaVl7gC&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PA121&amp;dq=+land+rights+Australia&amp;ots=n8SHLeMQ02&amp;sig=enu8gL4dgOqpB5UDyrFKXi_I1to#v=onepage&amp;q=land%20rights%20Australia&amp;f=false\">successful campaign<\/a>\u00a0to overturn the legality of \u201cterra nullius,\u201d land seized by settlers is being disputed.<\/p>\n<p>New facts and greater awareness of the racist nature of settler societies are challenging the triumphalist view of progress. New information is providing a darker understanding of the impact of settler colonialism on Indigenous peoples, including\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14623520601056240\">ethnic genocide<\/a>\u00a0and the devastating impacts of the loss of both land and cultural identity.<\/p>\n<p>This isn\u2019t just history. Unequal, brutal treatment of settlers and indigenous peoples continues in today\u2019s settler societies, not least of all in Xinjiang and in Ukraine.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Settler colonialism helps explain current events in Xinjiang and Ukraine \u2013 and the history of Australia and US,\u00a0too John Rennie Short\u00a0 Disclosure statement John Rennie Short does not work for, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-857","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uyghurmovement.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/857","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uyghurmovement.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uyghurmovement.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uyghurmovement.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uyghurmovement.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=857"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.uyghurmovement.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/857\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":858,"href":"https:\/\/www.uyghurmovement.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/857\/revisions\/858"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uyghurmovement.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=857"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uyghurmovement.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=857"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uyghurmovement.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=857"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}